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When informed of the causal relationship between FGM and ill health, Mackie wrote, the women broke down and wept. Her article in American Ethnologist called it "female genital mutilation", rather than female circumcision, and brought it to wider academic attention. It involved excision Type II for girls and removal of the foreskin for boys. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. In Kenya, for example, the Kisi cut around age 10 and the Kamba at Until the s FGM was widely known in English as female circumcision, implying an equivalence in severity with male circumcision. Anthropologists have accused FGM eradicationists of cultural colonialism , and have been criticized in turn for their moral relativism and failure to defend the idea of universal human rights.